Explaining Proenvironmental Intention and Behavior by Personal Norms and the Theory of Planned Behavior

Articles
Harland, P., Staats, H. & Wilke-Henk, A. M. (1999). Explaining proenvironmental intention and behavior by personal norms and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 12, 2505-2528.
The value of personal norms (S. H. Schwartz, 1977) for proenvironmental behavior has been demonstrated in previous studies (J. Vining and A. Ebreo, 1992), but not in addition to t…

The Impact of Norms and Assumed Consequences on Recycling Behavior

Articles
Bratt, C. (1999). The impact of norms and assumed consequences on recycling behavior. Environment and Behavior, 31, 5, 630-656.
Given the aim to motivate consumers to behave in an environmentally friendly manner, there is a need to understand how consumers' environmental behavior can be influenced and what…

Social Structural and Social Psychological Bases of Environmental Concern

Articles
Dietz, T., Stern, P. C. & Guagnano, G. A. (1998). Social structural and social psychological bases of environmental concern. Environment and Behavior, 30, 4, 450-471.
Efforts to explain environmental concern as a function of social structure have revealed some weak but reliable associations. Stronger associations have been found between environ…

Responding to Environmental Concerns: What Factors Guide Individual Action?

Articles
Axelrod, L. J. & Lehman, D. R. (1993). Responding to environmental concerns: What factors guide individual action? . Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13, 2, 149-159.
Examined the motivational role played by 3 classes of outcomes (tangible rewards, social acceptance, and acting in accordance with one's principles) in predicting environmentally …

Shame and Embarrassment as Deterrents to Noncompliance with the Law: The Case of an Antilittering Campaign

Articles
Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J. & Kinsey, K. A. (1991). Shame and embarrassment as deterrents to noncompliance with the law: The case of an antilittering campaign. Environment and Behavior, 23, 2, 233-251.
Presents data supporting the hypothesis that threats of shame, a self-imposed punishment, and threats of embarrassment, a socially imposed punishment, function much like threats o…

The Meaning of Normative Processes for Energy Conservation

Articles
Midden, C. J. & Ritsema, B. S. (1983). The meaning of normative processes for energy conservation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 4, 1-2, 37-55.
A national survey of 1,076 people was conducted in the Netherlands on attitudes, beliefs, norms, intentions, and behavior with respect to energy conservation. The questionnaire wa…

Environmental Interventions for Litter Control

Articles
Geller, E. S., Witmer, J. F. & Tuso, M. A. (1977). Environmental interventions for litter control.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 3, 344-351.
In 2 experiments, customers entering a grocery store were given a handbill listing specially priced items, and later the disposal locations of handbills left in the store were rec…

The Effects of Environmental Concern on Environmentally Friendly Consumer Behavior: An Exploratory Study

Articles
Minton, A. P. & Rose, R. L. (1997). The effects of environmental concern on environmentally friendly consumer behavior: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Research, 40, 1, 37-48.
Examined the relative effects of environmental concern (a general attitude) and social norms pertaining to concern for the environment on 3 consumer behaviors and 6 behavioral int…

Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions of Agricultural Workers toward Disposable Protective Coveralls

Articles
Perkins, H. M., Crown, E. M., Rigakis, K. B. & Eggertson, B. S. (1992). Attitudes and behavioral intentions of agricultural workers toward disposable protective coveralls. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 11, 1, 67-73.
Examined the behavior intentions (BVIs) of 244 grain farmers (aged 22-65 yrs) regarding the use of disposable coveralls using M. Fishbein and I. Ajzen's (1980) theory of reasoned …

Support for Environmental Protection: The Role of Moral Norms

Articles
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., & Black, J. S. (1986). Support for environmental protection: The role of moral norms. Population and Environment, Behavioral and Social Issues, 8, 3-4, 204-222.
Presents a theoretical model that traces support for environmental protection to a social-psychological process involving the activation of moral norms against harming innocent pe…

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