Clinical Validation and Cognitive Elaboration: Signs That Encourage Sustained Recycling

Articles
Werner, Carol M.; Stoll, Robert; Birch, Paul; White, Paul H. (2002). Clinical Validation and Cognitive Elaboration: Signs That Encourage Sustained Recycling. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 24, 3, 185 – 203.
Three field experiments coupled the clinical psychology concept of validation with Elaboration Likelihood Model-Heuristic-Systematic Model theorizing to increase the influence of …

Communications about Environmental Risks and Risk-Reducing Behavior: The Impact of Fear on Information Processing

Articles
Meijnders, Anneloes L; Midden, Cees J. H; Wilke, Henk A. M. (2001). Communications about environmental risks and risk-reducing behavior: The impact of fear on information processing. . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 4, 754-777.
Examined the impact of fear on attitudes and the mediating role of information processing. Fear and argument strength were manipulated according to a 3 * 2 (Fear: Control vs M…

Effective Public Service Announcements: Linking Social Norms to Visual Memory Cues

Articles
Bator, R. J. (1997). Effective public service announcements: Linking social norms to visual memory cues. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 58, 6-B,
The purpose of this research was to create and test the effectiveness of antilittering public service announcements (PSAs) that linked different types of visual cues to social dis…

Fear Appeals in Social Marketing Advertising

Articles
Lavack, A. M. (1997). Fear appeals in social marketing advertising. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 58, 6-A,
This thesis includes several studies on the use of fear appeals in social marketing advertising. The first study uses a content analysis to examine the use of fear appeals in a sa…

Measuring the Effects of Message Framing on the Behavior of Recycling in a Residential Recycling Program

Articles
Littlejohn, C. R. (1997). Measuring the effects of message framing on the behavior of recycling in a residential recycling program. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 58, 3-A,
This research, which replicated 'The Effects of Message Framing on Response to Environmental Communications' by Joel J. Davis, explored how the framing of environmental communicat…

Littering as a Function of Prior Litter and the Presence or Absence of Prohibitive Signs

Articles
Reiter, S. M. & Samuel, W. (1980). Littering as a function of prior litter and the presence or absence of prohibitive signs . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 10, 1, 45-55.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect on littering behavior of (1) two ways of antilitter signs and (2) the condition of the environment (littered vs. unlit…

Increasing the Persuasiveness of Fear Appeals: The Effect of Arousal and Elaboration

Articles
Keller, P. A. & Block, L. G. (1995). Increasing the persuasiveness of fear appeals: The effect of arousal and elaboration. Journal of Consumer Research, 22, 4, 448-459.
Investigates conditions under which messages that prompt low and high levels of fear are likely to be effective. A low level of fear should be ineffective, due to insufficient ela…

Internal External Locus of Control as a Moderator of Fear Appeals

Articles
Burnett, J. J. (1981). Internal external locus of control as a moderator of fear appeals. Journal of Applied Psychology, 66, 3, 390-393.
161 midwestern US residents responded to a questionnaire that contained Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, 1 of 4 fear messages, and scales measuring attitudes and…

Shock Tactics and the Myth of the Inverted U

Articles
Sutton, S. (1992). Shock tactics and the myth of the inverted U. British Journal of Addiction, 87, 4, 517-519.
Discusses the use of "fear appeals" or fear-arousing communications as agents of mass change in attitudes and behavior. Studies using videotapes about smoking and seat belt use ha…

Fear Appeals and the Formation of Active Publics

Articles
Roser, C. & Thompson, M. (1995). Fear appeals and the formation of active publics. Journal of Communication, 45, 1, 103-121.
Examined the process through which a fear appeal may transform low-involvement audiences into active publics. Cognitive and emotional responses of 102 uninvolved undergraduate vie…

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