Can One Make a Difference? Exploring the Differential Effects of Norm Salience and the Self-Monitoring Trait on the Norm Focus Theory's Application to Recycling Behavior

Articles
Dakin, S. A. Can one make a difference? Exploring the differential effects of norm salience and the self-monitoring trait on the Norm Focus Theory's application to recycling behavior. Vol. 56. 1998.
This study tested the Norm Focus Theory in the realm of recycling behavior. Results supported the theory's major tenet that making a social norm salient will produce behavior in a…

Invoking Social Norms:A Social Psychology Perspective on Improving Hotels' Linen-Reuse Programs

Articles
Goldstein, N., Griskevicius, V., Cialdini, R. (2007). Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 48(2), 145-150.
Social psychology theory can be applied to such mundane purposes as encouraging guests to reuse their washroom towels. In contrast to the appeals now in use to persuade guests to …

Social Norms: An Underestimated and Underemployed Lever for Managing Climate Change

Articles
Griskevicius,V., Cialdini, R.B., and Goldstein, N.J. (2008). Social Norms: An Underestimated and Underemployed Lever for Managing Climate Change. International Journal for Sustainability Communication, 3, 5-13.
It is widely recognized that communications that make social norms salient can be effective in influencing behavior. What is surprising, given the strength of the evidence, is how…

The Theory of Reasoned Action and Self-Construals: Understanding Recycling in Hawaii

Articles
Park, Hee Sun; Levine, Timothy R; Sharkey, William F (1998). The theory of reasoned action and self-construals: Understanding recycling in Hawaii. . Communication Studies, 49, 3, 196-208.
Used the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to predict the behavioral intention to recycle among 201 undergraduate students (aged 18-52 yrs) at the University of Hawaii. Measuri…

Effective Public Service Announcements: Linking Social Norms to Visual Memory Cues

Articles
Bator, R. J. (1997). Effective public service announcements: Linking social norms to visual memory cues. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 58, 6-B,
The purpose of this research was to create and test the effectiveness of antilittering public service announcements (PSAs) that linked different types of visual cues to social dis…

Littering as a Function of Prior Litter and the Presence or Absence of Prohibitive Signs

Articles
Reiter, S. M. & Samuel, W. (1980). Littering as a function of prior litter and the presence or absence of prohibitive signs . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 10, 1, 45-55.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect on littering behavior of (1) two ways of antilitter signs and (2) the condition of the environment (littered vs. unlit…

A Field Experiment on Interventions to Improve Curbside Recycling

Articles
Schultz, P. W. (1995). A field experiment on interventions to improve curbside recycling. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 56, 5-B,
The United States is currently facing a solid waste crisis, and recycling is an important proenvironmental step toward resolving the crisis. Previous research with recycling has f…

The Transsituational Influence of Social Norms

Articles
Reno, R. R., Cialdini, R. B. & Kallgren, C. A. (1993). The transsituational influence of social norms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 1, 104-112.
Three studies examined the behavioral implications of a conceptual distinction between 2 types of social norms: descriptive norms, which specify what is typically done in a given …

The Effects of Litter on Littering Behavior in a Forest Environment

Articles
Crump, S. L., Nunes, D. L. & Crossman, E. K. (1977). The effects of litter on littering behavior in a forest environment. Environment and Behavior, 9, 1, 137-146.
Investigated the effects of litter already present within an area on littering behavior in a forest setting for a period of 4 successive Fridays. The 1st and 3rd Fridays were used…

The Evaluation of Litter Behavior Modification in a River Environment

Articles
Wagstaff, M. C. & Wilson, B. E. (1988). The evaluation of litter behavior modification in a river environment. Journal of Environmental Education, 20, 1, 39-44.
Evaluated the use of behavioral techniques in modifying the litter collection behavior of commercial rafting groups. 87 treatment Ss and 76 control Ss participated. A verbal appea…

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