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Positive Communication Toolkit Available on Conservation Optimism's Website
Are People Acting Irrationally? Understanding Public Concerns about Environmental Threats
Wandersman, A. H. & Hallman, W. K. Are people acting irrationally? Understanding public concerns about environmental threats. Vol. 48. 1993. 681-686.
Littering as a Function of Prior Litter and the Presence or Absence of Prohibitive Signs
Reiter, S. M. & Samuel, W. (1980). Littering as a function of prior litter and the presence or absence of prohibitive signs . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 10, 1, 45-55.
The Influence of Message Framing On University Student's Intent to Participate in Sustainable Behavior
Davis, J. J. (1995). The effects of message framing on response to environmental communications. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 72, 2, 285-299.
The Effects of an Ambiguous, Negative Sign Prompt and a Clearly-Stated Positive Sign Prompt on Intentions to Litter
Horsley, A. D. (1988). The unintended effects of a posted sign on littering attitudes and stated intentions. Journal of Environmental Education, 19, 3, 10-14.
Designing Effective Instructional Signs with Schema Theory: Case Studies of Polystyrene Recycling
Werner, C. M., Rhodes, M.U. & Partain, K. K. (1998). Designing effective instructional signs with schema theory: Case studies of polystyrene recycling. Environment and Behavior, 30, 5, 709-735.
Promoting Source Reduction Behavior: The Role of Motivational Information
De Young, R., Duncan, A., Frank, J., Gill, N., Rothman, S., Shenot, J., Shotkin, A. & Zweizig, M. (1993). Promoting source reduction behavior: The role of motivational information. Environment and Behavior, 25, 1, 70-85.
Sensitizing People by Making the Abstract Concrete: Study of the Effect of "Hiroshima-Nagasaki: 1945"
Granberg, D. & Faye, N. (1972). Sensitizing people by making the abstract concrete: Study of the effect of "Hiroshima-Nagasaki: 1945.". American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 42, 5, 811-815.
Reactance and Norm Appeal in Anti-Littering Messages
Reich, J. W., & Robertson, J. L. (1979). Reactance and norm appeal in anti-littering messages. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 9, 1, 91-101.
Fear-Arousing and Empathy-Arousing Appeals to Help: The Pathos of Persuasion
Shelton, M. L., & Rogers, R. W. (1981). Fear-arousing and empathy-arousing appeals to help: The pathos of persuasion.. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 11, 4, 366-378.
