When Social Norms and Pressures Are Not Enough: Environmental Performance in the Trucking Industry

Articles
Thornton, D., Kagan, R., & Gunningham, N. (2009). When social norms and pressures are not enough: Environmental performance in the trucking industry. Law & Society Review, 43(2), 405-436. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2009.00377.x.
Why do some business firms and not others work hard to advance regulatory values such as environmental protection and comply with regulations? Previous research indicates that bus…

Responses to Within-Group Criticism: Does Past Adherence to Group Norms Matter?

Articles
Tarrant, M., & Campbell, E. (2007). Responses to within-group criticism: Does past adherence to group norms matter?. European Journal of Social Psychology, 37(6), 1187-1202. doi:10.1002/ejsp.441.
Two studies tested the hypothesis that responses to within-group criticism are influenced by perceptions of a critic's prior adherence to ingroup norms. Participants responded to …

The Structure Among Measures of Personality, Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms

Articles
Stankov, L. (2007). The structure among measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms. Journal of Individual Differences, 28(4), 240-251. doi:10.1027/1614-0001.28.4.240.
This paper presents the results of a study that employed measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms that have been the focus of recent research in individ…

Uncertainty and the Influence of Group Norms in the Attitude-Behaviour Relationship

Articles
Smith, J., Hogg, M., Martin, R., & Terry, D. (2007). Uncertainty and the influence of group norms in the attitude-behaviour relationship. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(4), 769-792. doi:10.1348/014466606X164439.
Two studies were conducted to examine the impact of subjective uncertainty on conformity to group norms in the attitude-behaviour context. In both studies, subjective uncertainty …

Do as We Say and as We Do: The Interplay of Descriptive and Injunctive Group Norms in the Attitude-Behaviour Relationship

Articles
Smith, J., & Louis, W. (2008). Do as we say and as we do: The interplay of descriptive and injunctive group norms in the attitude-behaviour relationship. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47(4), 647-666. doi:10.1348/014466607X269748.
Past research on the social identity approach to attitude–behaviour relations has operationalized group norms as a mixture of both descriptive information (i.e. what most people d…

Attitude-Behaviour Consistency: The Role of Group Norms, Attitude Accessibility, and Mode of Behavioural Decision-making

Articles
Smith, J., & Terry, D. (2003). Attitude-behaviour consistency: The role of group norms, attitude accessibility, and mode of behavioural decision-making. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33(5), 591-608. doi:10.1002/ejsp.172.
The interplay between two perspectives that have recently been applied in the attitude area--the social identity approach to attitude-behaviour relations (Terry & Hogg, 1996) and …

Group Norms and the Attitude-Behaviour Relationship

Articles
Smith, J., & Louis, W. (2009). Group norms and the attitude-behaviour relationship. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(1), 19-35. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00161.x.
Despite popular opinion to the contrary, early scientific evidence pointed to a lack of support for the view that people's actions are guided by their attitudes. One response to t…

Prosocial Norms as a Positive Youth Development Construct: Conceptual Bases and Implications for Curriculum Development

Articles
Siu, A., Cheng, H., & Leung, M. (2006). Prosocial norms as a positive youth development construct: Conceptual bases and implications for curriculum development. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 18(3), 451-457.
Prosocial norms are clear, healthy, ethical standards, beliefs, and behavior guidelines that promote prosocial behavior and minimize health risks. The promotion of prosocial norms…

Evidence that Intentions Based on Attitudes Better Predict Behaviour than Intentions Based on Subjective Norms

Articles
Sheeran, P., Norman, P., & Orbell, S. (1999). Evidence that intentions based on attitudes better predict behaviour than intentions based on subjective norms. European Journal of Social Psychology, 29(2-3), 403-406. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3<403::AID-EJSP942>3.0.CO;2-A.
Self-determination theory suggests that better prediction of behaviour will be observed from intentions based on attitudes than intentions based on subjective norms. In a study of…

Descriptive Norms as an Additional Predictor in the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A Meta-Analysis

Articles
Rivis, A., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Current Psychology, 22(3), 218-233. doi:10.1007/s12144-003-1018-2.
This study used meta-analysis: (a) to quantify the relationship between descriptive norms and intentions, and (b) to determine the increment in variance attributable to descriptiv…

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