Automatic Normative Behavior in Environments: The Moderating Role of Conformity in Activating Situational Norms

Articles
Aarts, H., Dijksterhuis, A., & Custers, R. (2003). Automatic Normative Behavior in Environments:The Moderating Role of Conformity in Activating Situational Norms. Social Cognition, 21(6), 447-464. doi:10.1521/soco.21.6.447.28687.
Previous research (Aarts & Dijksterhuis, 2003) has shown that mental representations of situational norms (e.g., behaving quietly in libraries) and corresponding overt behaviors a…

Pollution Reduction Preferences of U.S. Environmental Managers: Applying Ajzens Theory of Planned Behavior

Articles
Cordano, M., & Frieze, I. (2000). Pollution reduction preferences of U.S. environmental managers: Applying Ajzen's theory of planned behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 627-641. doi:10.2307/1556358.
Modified I. Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to analyze the behavioral preferences of 295 environmental managers. Ss were surveyed and structural equation analysis was used to l…

Going Green? Modeling the Impact of Environmental Concerns and Perceptions of Transportation Alternatives on Decisions to Drive

Articles
Gardner, B., & Abraham, C. (2010). Going green? Modeling the impact of environmental concerns and perceptions of transportation alternatives on decisions to drive. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(4), 831-849. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00600.x.
A theory-of-planned-behavior-based model of intra-city driving incorporating cognitions concerning non-car transportation use, personal and descriptive norms, and the environment …

Changing Behavior with Normative Feedback Interventions: A Field Experiment on Curbside Recycling

Articles
Schultz, P. W. (1999). Changing behavior with normative feedback interventions: A field experiment on curbside recycling. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 21, 1, 25-36.
Examined the effects of normative feedback on community curbside recycling, and predicted that activation of personal and social norms would lead to an increase in household recyc…

Situational and Personality Factors as Direct or Personal Norm Mediated Predictors of Pro-Environmental Behavior

Articles
Harland, P., Staats, H., & Wilke, H. (2007). Situational and personality factors as direct or personal norm mediated predictors of pro-environmental behavior: Questions derived from norm-activation theory. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29(4), 323-334.
Studies that use the norm activation theory (Schwartz, 1977) to explain pro-environmental behavior often focus on personal norms and on two situational activators, i.e., awareness…

Explaining Norm Enforcement

Articles
Horne, C. (2007). Explaining norm enforcement. Rationality and Society, 19(2), 139-170. doi:10.1177/1043463107077386.
This article presents a theory of norm enforcement. Dominant accounts explain norms by referring to their consequences. On this view, norms are enforced when doing so increases th…

Differentiation Between and Within Groups: The Influence of Individualist and Collectivist Group Norms

Articles
Jetten, J., McAuliffe, B., Hornsey, M., & Hogg, M. (2006). Differentiation between and within groups: The influence of individualist and collectivist group norms. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36(6), 825-843. doi:10.1002/ejsp.322.
The power of individualist and collectivist group norms to influence intergroup and inter-individual differentiation was examined in three studies. Study 1 revealed that intergrou…

The Proposition of a General Version of the Theory of Planned Behavior: Predicting Ecological Behavior

Articles
Kaiser, F., & Gutscher, H. (2003). The proposition of a general version of the theory of planned behavior: Predicting ecological behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(3), 586-603. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01914.x.
The present paper explores whether the theory of planned behavior (TPB) must abandon the notion that perceived behavioral control (PBC) has a direct influence on behavior. In a cr…

Turn it Off: Anti-Idling Project Using Commitment, Prompts and Norms

Cases
This pilot project sought to decrease the frequency and duration of motorists idling their vehicle engines. The pilot project involved staff approaching motorists at Toronto schoo…

From Innovation to Social Norm: Bounded Normative Influence

Articles
Kincaid, D. (2004). From Innovation to Social Norm: Bounded Normative Influence. Journal of Health Communication, 9(Suppl1), 37-57. doi:10.1080/10810730490271511.
Correction: Every innovation begins as a deviation from existing social norms. Given the strong effect of social norms and pressure, how can any innovation ever diffuse to the poi…

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