An Explication of Social Norms

Articles
Lapinski, M., & Rimal, R. (2005). An Explication of Social Norms. Communication Theory, 15(2), 127-147. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2005.tb00329.x.
This article identifies four factors for consideration in norms-based research to enhance the predictive ability of theoretical models. First, it makes the distinction between per…

The Importance of Subjective Norms for People Who Care What Others Think of Them

Articles
Latimer, A., & Ginis, K. (2005). The importance of subjective norms for people who care what others think of them. Psychology & Health, 20(1), 53-62. doi:10.1080/08870440412331300002.
Using the framework of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this study examined whether the extent to which people are concerned with others' approval of them moderates the subj…

Understanding Air Force Members' Intentions to Participate in Pro-environmental Behaviors: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Articles
Laudenslager, M., Holt, D., & Lofgren, S. (2004). Understanding air force members' intentions to participate in pro-environmental behaviors: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 98(3,Pt2), 1162-1170. doi:10.2466/PMS.98.4.1162-1170.
At a single installation, a cross section of 307 active duty Air Force members completed questionnaires to assess whether the theory of planned behavior was useful in explaining t…

Social Norms Approaches Using Descriptive Drinking Norms Education: A Review of the Research on Personalized Normative Feedback

Articles
Lewis, M., & Neighbors, C. (2006). Social norms approaches using descriptive drinking norms education: A review of the research on personalized normative feedback. Journal of American College Health, 54(4), 213-218. doi:10.3200/JACH.54.4.213-218.
College students have been shown to consistently overestimate the drinking of their peers. As a result, social norms approaches are effective in correcting these misperceived norm…

Normative, Gain and Hedonic Goal Frames Guiding Environmental Behavior

Articles
Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2007). Normative, Gain and Hedonic Goal Frames Guiding Environmental Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 117-137. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x.
This article discusses new developments about goal-dependent framing and multiple goal frames (sometimes also called "multiple motives"), which are highly relevant for understandi…

Cross-Culture Comparative Research on Social Norms

Articles
Ling, W., Zheng, X., & Fang, L. (2003). Cross-culture comparative research on social norms. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 35(2), 246-254.
Compared social norms of Chinese, Japanese, and American residents. 1,434 Beijing residents, 608 Osaka residents, and 1,409 Los Angeles residents completed questionnaires. Results…

The Moderating Effect of Conformism Values on the Relations between other Personal Values, Social Norms, Moral Obligation, and Single Altruistic Behaviours

Articles
Lönnqvist, J., Walkowitz, G., Wichardt, P., Lindeman, M., & Verkasalo, M. (2009). The moderating effect of conformism values on the relations between other personal values, social norms, moral obligation, and single altruistic behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48(3), 525-546. doi:10.1348/014466608X377396.
Three studies predicted and found that the individual’s conformism values are one determinant of whether behaviour is guided by other personal values or by social norms. In Study …

Recycling: Planned and Self-expressive Behaviour

Articles
Mannetti, L., Pierro, A., & Livi, S. (2004). Recycling: Planned and self-expressive behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(2), 227-236. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.01.002.
Motivations to recycle have been extensively studied adopting an attitude approach and, in particular, the theory of planned behaviour frame (TPB Ajzen, 1998, 1991). However, seve…

Relationship Among Values, Beliefs, Norms and Ecological Behaviour

Articles
López, A., & Cuervo-Arango, M. (2008). Relationship among values, beliefs, norms and ecological behaviour. Psicothema, 20(4), 623-629.
The present study focuses mainly on the relationship between psychological constructs and ecological behaviour. Empirical analysis links personal values, ecological beliefs, conse…

The Effects of Subjective Norms on Behaviour in the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A Meta-Analysis

Articles
Manning, M. (2009). The effects of subjective norms on behaviour in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48(4), 649-705. doi:10.1348/014466608X393136.
A meta-analysis investigated the effects of perceived injunctive (IN) and descriptive (DN) norms on behaviour (BEH) within the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in a sample of 196…

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