Responding to Environmental Concerns: What Factors Guide Individual Action?

Articles
Axelrod, L. J. & Lehman, D. R. (1993). Responding to environmental concerns: What factors guide individual action? . Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13, 2, 149-159.
Examined the motivational role played by 3 classes of outcomes (tangible rewards, social acceptance, and acting in accordance with one's principles) in predicting environmentally …

Changing Attitudes toward Energy Conservation: The Effect of Development Advancement on the Salience of One-Sided and Two-Sided Persuasive Communications

Articles
Koballa, T. R. (1984). Changing attitudes toward energy conservation: The effect of development advancement on the salience of one-sided and two-sided persuasive communications. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21, 6, 659-668.
Tested the effect of 1-sided (favorable argument only) and 2-sided (both favorable and unfavorable arguments) persuasive messages about energy conservation (EC) on attitudes towar…

Factors Affecting Energy Consumption: Two Field Tests of the Fishbein-Ajzen Model

Articles
Stutzman, T. M. & Green, S. B. (1982). Factors affecting energy consumption: Two field tests of the Fishbein-Ajzen model. Journal of Social Psychology, 117, 2, 183-201.
113 undergraduates and 506 consumers (primarily 26-55 yrs old) in a statewide sample participated in 2 studies that investigated the relationship among variables defined by situat…

U.S. Consumer Attitudes and Home-Heating Conservation Behavior: A Multiattribute Longitudinal Model

Articles
Karns, D. A. & Khera, I. P. (1983). U.S. consumer attitudes and home-heating conservation behavior: A multiattribute longitudinal model. Journal of Economic Psychology, 4, 1-2, 57-70.
Reports a longitudinal analysis of residential energy conservation by 519 residents in a medium-size US metropolitan community. Mail panel surveys were conducted during winter mon…

The Meaning of Normative Processes for Energy Conservation

Articles
Midden, C. J. & Ritsema, B. S. (1983). The meaning of normative processes for energy conservation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 4, 1-2, 37-55.
A national survey of 1,076 people was conducted in the Netherlands on attitudes, beliefs, norms, intentions, and behavior with respect to energy conservation. The questionnaire wa…

Preferred Solutions to the Energy Crisis as a Function of Causal Attributions

Articles
Belk, R., Painter, J. & Semenik, R. (1981). Preferred solutions to the energy crisis as a function of causal attributions. Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 3, 306-312.
Results of 2 studies that obtained data from 605 heads of household support hypotheses that those accepting personal responsibility for the energy crisis favored and reported adop…

Shame and Embarrassment as Deterrents to Noncompliance with the Law: The Case of an Antilittering Campaign

Articles
Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J. & Kinsey, K. A. (1991). Shame and embarrassment as deterrents to noncompliance with the law: The case of an antilittering campaign. Environment and Behavior, 23, 2, 233-251.
Presents data supporting the hypothesis that threats of shame, a self-imposed punishment, and threats of embarrassment, a socially imposed punishment, function much like threats o…

A Company-Based Lottery to Reduce the Personal Driving of Employees

Articles
Foxx, R. M. & Schaeffer, M. H. (1981). A company-based lottery to reduce the personal driving of employees. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 3, 273-285.
83 employees of a research and consulting firm were divided into experimental and contrast groups. The experimental design involved a baseline in which no consequences were attach…

Self-Perception Based Strategies for Stimulating Energy Conservation

Articles
Allen, C. T. (1982). Self-perception based strategies for stimulating energy conservation. Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 4, 381-390.
Examined the utility of self-perception based influence techniques for stimulating socially conscious consumption by testing one such technique--an attribution/labeling message. S…

Voluntary Simplicity Lifestyles and Energy Conservation

Articles
Leonard-Barton, D. (1981). Voluntary simplicity lifestyles and energy conservation. Journal of Consumer Research, 8, 3, 243-252.
Presents a behavioral index for measuring an individual's tendency toward a lifestyle of voluntary simplicity, characterized by ecological awareness, attempts to become more self-…

North America

Introductory Workshop

Jun 10th - 12th, 2026

Registration Ending Soon!
Learn More

Brisbane

Introductory Workshop

Oct 13th - 14th, 2026

Learn More

Perth

Introductory Workshop

Oct 19th - 20th, 2026

Learn More

Melbourne

Introductory & Advanced Workshops

Oct 27th - 30th, 2026

Learn More

Auckland

Introductory & Advanced Workshops

Nov 9th - 12th, 2026

Learn More
New 4TH Edition

Available Today!

Fostering Sustainable Behavior Book Cover

The latest edition of Fostering Sustainable Behavior features updated research, case studies, and practical strategies that can substantially impact the adoption of sustainable behaviors.

Site Courtesy of
McKenzie-Mohr & Associates

Expertise in Community-Based Social Marketing