Who Recycles and When? A Review of Personal and Situational Factors

Articles
Schultz, P. W., Oskamp, S., & Mainieri, T. (1995). Who recycles and when? A review of personal and situational factors. Journal of Enviornmental Psychology, 15, 2, 105-121.
Reviews 80 studies, published 1969-1995, to examine recyling behaviors as differentiated from attitudes and intentions. The effects on recycling behavior of both personal variabl…

Litter Reduction: A Review and Integration of the Literature. Special Issue: Litter Control and Recycling

Articles
Huffman, K. T., Grossnickle, W. F., Cope, J. G., & Huffman, K. P. (1995). Litter reduction: A review and integration of the literature. Special Issue: Litter control and recycling. Environment and Behavior, 27, 2, 153-183.
Examined 40 articles and 59 studies that employed either an antecedent strategy (ATS) or consequence strategy (CQS) to integrate behavioral and social changes in communities and i…

Applied Behavior Analysis and Social Marketing: An Integration for Environmental Preservation

Articles
Geller, E. S. (1989). Applied behavior analysis and social marketing: An integration for environmental preservation. Journal of Social Issues, 45, 1, 17-36.
Basic principles of applied behavior analysis and social marketing are reviewed with reference to the development of action plans to protect the environment. Behavior-change pro…

Prediction of Goal-Directed Behavior: Attitudes, Intentions, and Perceived Behavioral Control

Articles
Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 5, 453-474.
A proposed theory of planned behavior, an extension of I. Ajzen and M. Fishbein's (1980) theory of reasoned action, was tested in 2 experiments. In Exp I, 169 undergraduates' at…

Normative, Gain and Hedonic Goal Frames Guiding Environmental Behavior

Articles
Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2007). Normative, Gain and Hedonic Goal Frames Guiding Environmental Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 117-137. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x.
This article discusses new developments about goal-dependent framing and multiple goal frames (sometimes also called "multiple motives"), which are highly relevant for understandi…
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Vancouver’s Employee Trip Reduction Program

Cases
Vancouver’s Employee Trip Reduction Program was launched by the Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) to reduce single-occupant vehicle commuter travel among its employees, p…
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Seattle’s Just One Trip Phase II

Cases
Seattle’s Just One Trip campaign aims to get residents to reduce the number of drive-alone trips they make on a weekly basis, replacing them with green travel alternatives includi…
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City of Austin’s Leave Time Travel Incentive

Cases
In an effort to encourage City of Austin employees to take voluntary actions to reduce their drive-alone trips to and from work, the City established a Smart Commute Rewards progr…
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ClimateSmart Home Service, Queensland, Australia

Cases
In 2009, the ClimateSmart Home Service program was launched by Local Government Infrastructure Services (LGIS) in Queensland, Australia. This program aimed to reduce the electrici…
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Burlington’s Ice Rink Energy Competition

Cases
The following case study explores how the City of Burlington’s Ice Rink Energy Competition employed a low cost, easily replicable approach to significantly reduce energy consumpti…

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